The Therapeutic Process Of The Bowens Transgenerational...

Treatment No matter the nature of the presenting problem, the therapeutic process in the Bowen’s transgenerational model is governed by two main goals: management of anxiety and relief from symptoms, and an increase in each participant’s level of differentiation (Kerr Bowen as cited in Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013, p. 227). The treatment for a person with SPD, using Bowenian approach, consists of decreasing anxiety and increasing levels of differentiation in the individual and the family system. In order to achieve both treatment goals, Bowen preferred to be a coach. According to Goldenberg and Goldenberg (2013), Bowen presented himself as a researcher helping individuals becoming objective researchers of their own ways of†¦show more content†¦Because Bowen believed in the relevance of multigenerational healing, he created the Genogram (p. 225). A Genogram is a therapeutic tool that can be used to graphically identify the family system of an individual and the various generational influences that the individual has. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) The CBT model is based on the theory that an event occurs (the situation), then people assign it a meaning (the interpretation), leading to an emotional, behavioral or physiological change (the reaction) (Ledley, Marx Heimberg, 2010, p. 12). CBT approach believes that people assign meaning to their events, and then the assigned meaning impacts people’s behavior. In this section, it will be analyzed the etiology and treatment of SPD based on the CBT approach. Etiology CBT sees psychopathology as a cause of a triggering event and a maladaptive meaning assignation of the event (Ledley, Marx and Heimberg, 2010, p. 12). When an event occurs and people assign maladaptive meanings to the event, it can lead to the development of a psychological disorder. CBT believes that the way people perceive the world in large affects the way they behave, feel and understand life situations (Schaefer, 2011, p. 313). The perceptions or thoughts that people have a bout others and their environments influence them behaviorally, emotionally, and psychologically.

Social Impacts Of School Uniforms - 1550 Words

School uniforms may seem like a thing of the past for many, but they are slowly becoming more used as time goes on. They have been found to improve the lives of students, parents, and teachers. Surprisingly, the people most against uniforms are parents; they worry about their children’s individuality and rights. For many parents, it is a struggle to pay for brand new uniform attire. In a recent case, Major Libby Blair found herself having trouble paying for each garment. She founded Libby’s Closet, which sells uniforms for much cheaper prices. This allows many to be able to afford these uniforms. According to Honaker, who interviewed Blair, â€Å"So far, 200-300 families have benefited from it [(lower-priced uniforms)]† (Andrea). These types of†¦show more content†¦If uniforms were implemented, than this feeling could transfer to the entire school instead of just a small group. Uniforms make students feel more unified by making them feel as though they b elong to a larger whole, in this case a school, as well as level the playing field by making their students wear uniforms. This allows the less fortunate to feel more at ease. Uniforms affect students mentally. Uniforms decrease bullying which can help students feel more inclined to go to school. Bullying is a big problem in many schools. Students can find any and every difference in another person, uniforms would eliminate many of these. Uniforms allow students to not be bullied for the things they are wearing. 64% of school leaders said uniforms reduce bullying and 86% of school leaders said uniforms make a significant, positive impact on peer pressure, from a survey by uniform manufacturer, Land’s End, the National Association of Elementary School Principals (NAESP) in 2013 (School Uniforms-Procon). Many of these bullies do not only use words but also violence. â€Å"The results in column (2) suggest that girls†¦ in middle and high school girls are 1.2 percentage points less likely to leave† (Gentile and Iberman 21). This could be due to less bullying going on in these schools. Many children, especially girls do not want to attend sc hool if there is someone who is bullying them. This can leadShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On School Uniforms1671 Words   |  7 Pages Hari Mainali South University School Uniform â€Æ' Abstract Freedom of dress is violated by restricting on school uniform. A school and university have their own dress code which does not require a particular dress. Some researcher and scholar suggest misbehavior in the student are the result of banning uniform. But misbehavior is what they acquired in their life. Banning uniform, student can exercise their right to express themselves freely. Student will be able to focus on education and saveRead MoreSchool Uniforms, Good Or Bad? Essay1740 Words   |  7 Pagesparents who don’t agree with school uniforms. They will immediately reject them because to them these uniforms restrict the student s’ freedom of expression. After picking this topic. I wanted to take the negative of it because I want to freely choose the clothes that I want to wear. I didn’t want someone to choose the clothes that I’m going to wear. After, a while of researching this topic, I decided to take the positive side of school uniforms. In fact, these uniforms will help students become moreRead MoreWhy Uniforms Should Be Mandatory Uniforms927 Words   |  4 PagesWhy Uniforms? The uniform makes for brotherhood, since when universally adopted it covers up all differences of class and country (Robert Baden-Powell). In today’s society school uniforms still remain a controversial issue in the nation’s schools. Proponents of school uniforms states that uniforms can reduce common probes such as fighting and allows administrations to identify non-student body personal. According to At Issue: those opposed to mandatory uniforms say uniforms infringe upon students’Read MoreDress Yourself By Choice Not By Force876 Words   |  4 Pagessociety, and the policies schools implement have lasting implications beyond the classroom. With all of the constant issues that school districts regularly have to address , the topic of school uniforms often falls to the wayside. However, research indicates that the adoption of school uniforms has an immense impact on student behavior and attitudes. In 2014, at Duncanville High School in Texas, one hundred and seventy teenagers were suspended for refusing to wear school uniforms (Golgowski 2104). ThisRead MoreChanging Bullying : The Utilization Of School Uniforms1458 Words   |  6 PagesUtilization of School Uniforms is Changing Bullying (Rough Draft) Christina E. Oliver ENG 122: English Composition II Instructor: Angel Vasquez January 12, 2015 Changing Bullying: The Utilization of School Uniforms is Changing Bullying One of the most important things, which we have to do as an adult or parent, is to help educate our young people. We must begin to inspect our effectiveness, to provide a sound education, for every age and aspect of human beings; within our schools. OurRead MoreThe Debate over the Implementation of School Uniform Policies in our Schools:743 Words   |  3 Pageshave been many debates over the implementation of school uniform policies in our schools. Opinions are formed about the appearance of uniforms powerful effects on the way in which a student should dress. This significant role of attire relates to how students could relay a message to themselves and others. In addition, uniforms are one of the most serious administrative concerns in our public school system. I strongly favor the fact that school uniforms are perfect because they assist in helping studentsRead MorePros And Cons Of School Uniform Essay834 Words   |  4 PagesAre School Uniforms a Good or Bad Idea? School uniforms has been the cause of debate for many years now. Most students like to wear school uniforms because they believe uniforms make schools (â€Å"safer for students†) and create â€Å"level playing fields† where every student has equal opportunity to succeed and they all apply the same set of rules. However, students and even most parents don’t agree with the enforcement with school uniforms; stating that uniforms take away the right of (â€Å"self-expression†)Read MoreEssay about Toms848 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility of TOMS Shoes BUS 311 Ethical Management May 20, 2013 Toms Shoes Corporate social responsibility is defined as actions of an organization that are targeted toward achieving a social benefit over and above maximizing profits for its shareholders and meeting all its legal obligations (Ghillyer, 2012). The for-profit company, TOMS Shoes, takes social responsibility seriously starting with their central goal: We can create a better tomorrow by takingRead MoreSchool Uniforms Should Be Implemented Throughout K 12 Public Schools1258 Words   |  6 PagesBobby Mishra Mrs. Bezemek Apps of Comp 24 November 2014 School Uniforms According to a study done by the National Association of Elementary School Principals (NAESP) said that the popularity of school uniforms are clearly on the rise. Now more schools have uniforms rising from 28 percent to 49 percent in thirteen years (Tucker). School uniforms can help improve behavior leading to safer schools and safer communities. School uniforms can also lead to an increase in academic behavior leading to betterRead MoreSchool Uniforms And Its Effects On People And Their Behavior1537 Words   |  7 Pageslarger impact on people and their behavior than most people would like to consider. What students choose to wear to school every single day impacts their lives more than most realize for example, in school. What students choose to wear to school can affect how well they are able to participate and focus on their studies. The clothing that students choose to put on their backs affects their self-esteem, what class level their classmates perceive them as, and their be havior. Implementing a school uniforms

Anonymous Hacker Book Report Free Essays

Allow me to explain. Not that long ago there was a shooting in Sandy Hook Elementary school. It was a tragedy across the board that most of us felt. We will write a custom essay sample on Anonymous Hacker Book Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now While the Anon portions of the internet (Achaean, Reedit, etc) teemed with inappropriate Jokes and disgusting humor, there was an underlining sense of outrage that could be felt in the far corners of the deep net. This didn’t come to full bloom until the Westbrook Baptist Church stepped in with their plans to protest the funerals of the dead children of Sainthood. Immediately the same people who would post â€Å"dead kid mess† were striking out urbanely and quite harshly against the audacity of someone to tarnish the memory of kids In real life. That’s what a lot of people don’t understand about Anon and the 100 different sec groups out there trolling â€Å"newfangled† and â€Å"morals†. The net is a different world inside. Anon and everyone else do not see it as an extension of real life unless it’s to make an impact. These are the same personality types that love tagging things with spray paint. It’s all for laughs, until however it gets serious. Westbrook Baptist Church (WEB from now on) struck a moral nerve with Anon and the est. of the hastiest community. Commander X came out of retirement, Jester (whose admittedly against Anion’s actions usually, came out in support and offered services. ) Whether It was setting up VPN for everyone to run Dodos off of or setting up old school pranks Like pizza wars or blacking out (faxing black pieces of paper to run out Ink) It went Like wildfire. It was one of the first times I’ve ever seen all the factions come together. What amazed me however was the interactive real life protests that went down. Anonymous called for actions and the net responded in kind. Ass of people took to the streets from Anon to protest the WEB. With them members of the Hells Angels and even former military and off duty police stood in solidarity against them. What was amazing was the fact that this translated from online IIRC to real time real life protest. People broadcasted the whereabouts of the WEB van and flooded any hotel with calls, faxes and emails who dare take them in. This was then broadcasted again on Stream so the world could see Just how powerful the Internet could be. The biggest thing was Black Lotus. A service that provided hardcore Dodos protection for invalids. This service costs a lot of money to employ and only those most fearful of an attack will get In touch wit Black Lotus. However that week they were held over a barrel. Instead of going Dodos was not an option really, what was however was the â€Å"dioxin† of the employees. Dog were accumulated in a massive pastiest that went around the net. Everyone who was poised went online and did their research. This yielded some insane results. Everything from the Coo’s address and phone number and social security number were captured. After a bunch of threats and back and forth with YANG (Your Anonymous News) twitter account and Jackal (one of the few respected enough to lead a proper â€Å"Pop†) the company employing Black Lotus protection gave up. Instead of being dosed, they gave all the money they got from WEB to the Sandy Hook Victims fund on top of a generous donation of k. We Are Anonymous is a good book about a few isolated incidents. I don’t however find it to be indicative of what Anon is about or the other sec that work within the hastiest community. Yes we did it for the lulls, but there was a sense of â€Å"moral† to all of us. How to cite Anonymous Hacker Book Report, Papers

Hotel Operations Business Implementing Proposals

Question: Describe about the Hotel Operations for Business Implementing Proposals. Answer: Introduction: Hotels around the world are implementing proposals which are cost effective in nature for lessening their impact on the environment. According to Nicholls and Kang 2012, achieving pertinent and practical targets in areas concerning environmental factors needs proper investment of time and resources in planning, organizing, and offering training and following up in accordance to the requirement. Success in such maters does not come easy and one needs to start from the scratch to put things in order. The first part in such situations should always be to know the starting point and find out the amount of water currently in use. This report will take into account certain environment friendly measures that can be implemented for the Sydney based G Hotel Group in matters related to water consumption. Integration of effective green practices into the daily operations of Geo Hotel: As stated earlier, in everything that one does, the starting point is important along with knowing the current status of such a thing. Before getting started with recommending the measures that will take care of the water consumption in the hotel, it is important to check how much water is getting used in the current scenario through installation of meters and regular readings. The sub meters will help the hotel management to understand the areas where water is being used the most. Cost is another factor that needs to be taken into consideration, and areas need to be identified where the potential cost can be saved related to water consumption. The ground plan needs to be structured regarding costs and environmental saving measures for the water management plan (Jeong et al. 2014). A proper plan and execution of the same would help in bringing in a lot of key stakeholders, thus improving the hotels overall efficiency. The percentage of the worlds fresh water stands at 1%, so a lot of work needs to be done in preserving water with careful consumption. There should be a proper plan that needs to be followed in establishing a water conservation plan. -A water audit should be carried out where major costs related to water should be mentioned along with where savings can be made. -Proper checking needs to be done whether government loans are available for investment purposes in water reduction schemes and new technology. -All the employees of the hotel should be clearly informed about the managements pledge towards water reduction along with the objectives and goals -Staffs should be provided proper training in understanding the need of sensible use of water and maintaining optimal energy-efficiency. Their suggestions on the same matter is also important -Establishing a monitoring and targeting system for regular reports back to stakeholders and staffs Negative Impacts on the environment caused by Hotels operational activities: Reports and survey suggests that hotels do not have a major negative impact on the environment, but in a collective way they consume larger amount of resources which sometimes proves to be wasteful. The waste is in terms of resources which results in needless operational costs. Water is required for survival purposes which include cooking, drinking and cleansing. Tourists who visits hotel this days, have certain perceptions about the hotel environment like landscape gardens, golf courses and swimming pools. Water is also essential for agricultural purposes which in turn support the tourism industry. Generally, tourists demand more water than the local residents residing in the surrounding areas of the hotel. Survey reports suggest that around 100 luxury hotel guests would consume the same level of water in two months which the 100 local agricultural farmers would use for irrigational purposes in three years. The difference is huge, so proper measures are to be focused on to control the water consumption in the best possible way. A hotel comprises of different departments, so the focus should be on the areas where the consumption of water is likely to be the highest. Every plan implemented to save water needs to go through proper conducted tests so that none of the planned and implemented measures compromise with the quality, health and safety issue as the guests should not complain about such measures (Barber 2014). Restroom and Lavatory: - Installation of duel flush toilets can be beneficial where guests can go for a shorter flush (Chan et al, 2014). Changing everything at one go is never possible, so the hotel management can opt for placing a full water bottle in the cistern in order to reduce the water used in a single flush (Shieh, Hu and Sheu 2012). -Installation of water sense labeled showerheads, faucets, and flushing urinals have become important. Certain reports do suggest that these products are 20% more water-efficient than the standard ones (Robin, C.F., Pedroche and Astorga 2016). -The flow of the shower should be not more than 10 liters/min. A bucket and stopwatch can be used to measure such a process. -There should not be any leakage in the washroom; proper maintenance is required in saving water consumption. It has been reported that a leaking toilet generally loses around 750 liters of water a day. -The washrooms attached to hotel lobby and restaurants should have atleast four in hand washing sinks. There should either be flow restrictions or aerators to help reduce the tap flow. This is a short term goal, where investment is to be made at a time on the aerators and water sensor showerheads. However, monitoring and maintenance is required for a longer period of time. Laundry: -As this report is for a 4 star hotel, with around 400 rooms, installing a continuous batch washer (CBW) can be of great help, where rinse water is used for main suds operation and pre-washing facilities. -The rinse cycle needs to be minimized without hampering the quality. -The water flow rates on tunnel washers and CBWs are to be adjusted as per the manufacturers setting recommendation. -Hotels do use a lot of washing machines, whose purchase should be based on good water consumption rating. -The hotel laundry should be best served with ozone laundry systems. In this process the ozone gets injected into water, which forms a union with the laundry chemicals to offer an efficient wash. Swimming Pool: Installation of a swimming pool in a large hotel increases the consumption of fresh water by around 10%, which gives rise to the question of how important a swimming pool is to a hotel. It is, as tourists like chilling out in a swimming pool, especially if it is in Sydney (Barber and Deale 2014). -Regular maintenance to avert any sort of leakages. The best way to check this is by taking water readings the previous night as the last thing and the next morning as the first. -The swimming pool should be backwashed in every two or three days. A backwash system should be installed for recapturing the water and using it for irrigational purposes. Housekeeping: -The housekeeping staff should be given proper training on how they can reduce the use of water. They should be taught certain procedures like the number of times they need to flush the toilet while cleaning, the taps should not be kept open and the staff should be using hose while cleaning floors (Gssling 2015). -A linen reuse program should be put into use where guests should be allowed to select whether they want or not the regular change of their linen. This is a long term goal where the staffs should be given training at certain times to understand the policies of the organization are water consumption process. Kitchens: -I would like to suggest the hotels to go for Energy Star qualified models for products like ice machines, dishwashers and steam cookers. The usage of energy and water gets reduced by around 10% in using these models by reprocessing water throughout cycles. -Efficient pre-rinse spray valves, combination ovens and steam cookers should be put into use which uses relatively less water. -Equipments that are in the habit of discharging water on a continuous basis should be replaced. Users should also be educated on proper dishware prep and loading techniques to diminish the amount of water used. Landscape Watering: -Water-smart landscapes are to be designed which can reduce water needed for irrigational purposes. -A WaterSense labeled program is to be audited by hiring a certified professional to develop the efficiency in irrigation. -WaterSense labeled irrigation controllers should be put into use in order to cut down on loss of water from evaporation and wind. Short-term, Mid-term and Long-term goals: Every process that needs to be implemented should be for long term purposes which require continuous maintenance. The short term goals include company investing in washing machines, steam cookers and ice machines for water saving purposes. Each department in the hotel is responsible for water conservation. Like the beverage department where pioneering procedures are to be applied such as natura water that purifies the water of the tap along with adding carbonation as per the requirement. The Engineering department is responsible for allocating sustainable products and solution. Moreover, Energy Star appliances are being used to reduce water consumption. Advantages of the Hotel going green: -A label of a green hotel is best for business. Educating employees is necessary along with the guests who can help in protection of environment during their stay at the hotel. Big hotels going green or implementing environment friendly measures are seen as good neighbors rather than a large corporation (Baker, Davis and Weaver 2013). -A Brand value that is unique in nature. Environmental friendly hotels have their own demand and people in recent times opt for such a place to enjoy their holiday. -Marketing opportunities becomes more as the hotel will then able to attract a different segment of the travelling population. -Hotels practicing green measures can charge premium rates from their clients. Consumers are ready to pay premium price for such organic measures which are healthier and better for environment (Kang et al. 2012). Travelers are showing more interest in such kinds of hotels. Disadvantages: -Customer Backlash is common if a hotel makes false claims of being environmental friendly. Greenwashing is not the right way, the hotel may suffer - Switching to environmental friendliness products can often lead to costlier products or expensive products like energy saving cookers, water saving washing machines. -The conversion cost of switching to green or environment friendly products is quite high. At the initial level it needs a lot of investment to set things right Both the Board of Directors and the Stakeholder should have proper information regarding all this. They should take into account all the probable implications that these measures can bring about after implementation of such environment friendly activities (Hays and Ozretic-Doen 2014). Only then a successful environmental friendly hotel can be put up for tourists around the globe. Conclusion: As stated in the report the water consumption needs to be done properly, because the amount of fresh water is very less. Hotels do attract a lot of tourists each day where there is a possibility of water getting wasted. Proper measures can work wonders for not only the hotel, but also for irrigational purposes around the hotel premises. The 4 star Geo Hotel is coming up at a place where urban development is in progress. So water is necessary there too. So the measures as described in the report are being implemented will be of immense help to the renewal work of such a project of urban development too. Reference: Baker, M.A., Davis, E.A. and Weaver, P.A., 2013. Eco-friendly attitudes, barriers to participation, and differences in behavior at green hotels.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, p.193896551350448 Barber, N.A. and Deale, C., 2014. Tapping mindfulness to shape hotel guests sustainable behavior.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,55(1), pp.100-114. Barber, N.A., 2014. Profiling the Potential Green Hotel Guest Who Are They and What Do They Want?.Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research,38(3), pp.361-387. Chan, E.S., Hon, A.H., Chan, W. and Okumus, F., 2014. What drives employees intentions to implement green practices in hotels? The role of knowledge, awareness, concern and ecological behaviour.International Journal of Hospitality Management,40, pp.20-28. Gssling, S., 2015. New performance indicators for water management in tourism.Tourism Management,46, pp.233-244. Hays, D. and Ozretic-Doen, ?., 2014. Greening hotels-building green values into hotel services.Tourism and Hospitality Management,20(1), pp.85-102. Jeong, E., Jang, S.S., Day, J. and Ha, S., 2014. The impact of eco-friendly practices on green image and customer attitudes: An investigation in a caf setting.International Journal of Hospitality Management,41, pp.10-20. Kang, K.H., Stein, L., Heo, C.Y. and Lee, S., 2012. Consumers willingness to pay for green initiatives of the hotel industry.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(2), pp.564-572. Kasim, A., Gursoy, D., Okumus, F. and Wong, A., 2014. The importance of water management in hotels: a framework for sustainability through innovation.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,22(7), pp.1090-1107. Nicholls, S. and Kang, S., 2012. Going green: the adoption of environmental initiatives in Michigan's lodging sector.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,20(7), pp.953-974. Robin, C.F., Pedroche, M.S.C. and Astorga, P.S., 2016. Revisiting green practices in the hotel industry: A comparison between mature and emerging destinations.Journal of Cleaner Production. Shieh, H.S., Hu, J.L. and Sheu, H.J., 2012. GOING GREEN: DEVELOPING A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE GREEN HOTEL RATING SYSTEM.Actual Problems of Economics/Aktual'ni Problemi Ekonomki,134(8).

Thomas Hobbes Essays - Calvin And Hobbes, Atomists, Empiricists

Thomas Hobbes Thomas Hobbes was one of the first Western Philosophers that the world had seen. Hobbes's philosophies marked a departure in the English philosophy from religious emphasis of Scholasticism. Hobbes was born in 1588 in Malmesbury, Wiltshire. His father was a vicar of the parish during Queen Elizabeth time. He valued not learning and only read the prayers of the church. Hobbes obtained his education from his uncle and moved onto Oxford at the tender age of fifteen. By the time he reached Oxford he was already a scholar in Latin and Greek. He left Oxford in 1608 and began his companionship with the eldest son of Lord Cavendish of Hardwicke, later know as Earl of Devonshire. Hobbes traveled the European continent three times in his lifetime. These trips allowed Hobbes to get most of his work down and he usually traveled with a pupil. His first trip he took was in 1610 were he visited France, Italy and Germany. This trip he took with is pupil, Lord Hardwick. He learned the French and Italian languages along the way. This first tour of the continent did not allow Hobbes to learn his life purpose, but he did gain experience that could help him along his way. His second tour of the European continent took place in 1629 and lasted for two years. In 1628 his pupil and friend Lord Hardwick passed on and Hobbes had no duties to fulfill in the house. The second trip Hobbes took he had a new pupil the young earl, who was eleven when they left for the journey. When Hobbes arrived back he took over the education of his new pupil. Around the time he was educated the young earl, his philoschical views began to take place. It was not until his third trip across the continent that he began to fit in with the other philosophers of the world. The third trip he was accomplice by the young earl, Earl of Devonshire. The trip lasted three years, 1634 to 1637. The trip began a new chapter in Hobbes life, he began to publish books and his theories were starting to be written out into books. During the trip he was an intimate of Meresenne, who at the time was at the center of the scintitific circle. That circle include the like of Descartes and Gassendi. His first publication was when he returned titled, Elements of Law and politic. This book showed the theories that he began to evovle for him during this third and final trip. Hobbes fled to France for eleven years because of the fear of getting arrested from his book. He called himself ?a man of feminine courage?. In France he taught the Prince of Whales, later known as King Charles II, mathematics. While in London he also wrote his most famous book Leviathan. This book should Hobbes views on all the theories and ethical decisions. It was published in 1651, the same year he moved back to England. He moved back because he felt safer now in England then he did in France. In actuality he moved back because his book caused him to fear arrest by the authorties in France. He felt safer in England because of his former pupil took over the throne and Hobbes came into favor with the House of Commons. In 1666 however the house passed a bill to inspect his book Leviathan of charges of atheistic tendencies. This inspection caused Hobbes to burn many of his papers and delayed three publications of future books. His philosical theories were that people could have more then one loyalty and that they could be competing with each other. Mainly he was talking about the loyalty to God. Religion was a big deal back then and he stated that God could have a competing loyalty and that people should decide what is best for them. Loyalty to a person or a king should stop when death could occur to you. He stated that loyalty is a social act and that anything a person does is self-serving. Anything a human being does come full circle and benefits them in a way. A theory that Hobbes had, that I believe was pretty big,

French Expression With Three Apples

French Expression With Three Apples The French expression haut comme trois pommes (pronounced [o  kuhm  trwa  puhm]) literally means high like three apples. It is used the same way as the English expression knee-high to a grasshopper and is used to  describe someone  very  young or  short. It has an informal  register. Haut  Comme  Trois  Pommes  and Smurfs Youre probably familiar with the Smurfs, comic book characters introduced in Le Journal de Spirou in 1958, by the Belgian artist Peyo. Known as Schtroumpfs in French, Smurfs were exported to the US in the 80s in the form of popular cartoons and figurines. One thing you might remember about Smurfs (other than that they were blue), was that they were described as three apples tall. Peyo obviously said that they were hauts comme trois pommes, and the literal translation was used in the American adaptation to describe their height. The idiomatic English equivalent, however, can only be used figuratively: knee-high to a grasshopper cant literally describe a persons height, but rather means (when I was) a young child. Examples and Variations   Ã‚  Ã‚  La dernià ¨re fois que je lai vu, jà ©tais haut  comme  trois pommes.The last time I saw him, I was knee-high to a grasshopper.   Ã‚  Le pà ¨re de Sandrine a dà ©mà ©nagà © Paris quand elle à ©tait haute comme trois pommes.Sandrines father moved to Paris when she was knee-high to a grasshopper. You may see the following variations: Grand comme trois pommes genouxHaut comme trois pommes genouxHaut comme trois pommes couchà ©esï » ¿Haut comme deux pommes (expression quà ©bà ©coise)

Causes for development of aggression in children

Causes for development of aggression in children Aggression can be loosely defined as any behaviour which is intended to cause harm to another person whether physically or verbally. This investigation specifically evaluates the biological and learning perspective of psychology accounting for the development of aggression in children. Aggression from the biological perspective is often seen as an innate behaviour which is genetically passed on from the parents to their offspring or through other biological factors such as low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin and certain brain structures when manipulated may result in aggressive behaviour. When considering the learning perspective and environmental determinants of aggression in children. The key factors which play an essential role in the development of aggression in children are the observation of others behaviour as demonstrated by Albert Bandura (1961) as well as, the frustration aggression hypothesis which has been found to be a considerable factor in the development of aggression. This examination investigates the origins of childhood aggression and evaluates two differing perspectives being the biological and learning perspective and collectively concludes that there are various factors which contribute to a child acting aggressively. Biological factors such as genetics, low levels of serotonin and the amygdale have proven to result in childhood aggression. Similarly, environmental determinants such as observation of others, media and video games have also been found to cause childhood aggression. However, an understanding and strong evaluation of both the biological and learning perspective has lead to a stronger foundation of understanding childhood aggression. Therefore, to fully understand the origins of aggressive behaviour both biological and environmental factors must be considered within their limited scope (i.e. Strengths and weaknesses). There are many ways in which aggression can be defined. According to Berkowitz (1975) aggression is any behaviour which causes intentional harm to another person. There are many different forms of aggression which includes verbal, physical and emotional behaviours that are apparent in some children. Studies conducted on young children suggest that aggression develops in young children based on their biological background or their environmental context. This essay will be exploring and evaluating the biological perspective and learning perspective of psychology accounting for the development of aggression in young children. This issue is worthy of investigation since aggression has become a substantial social problem amongst upcoming generations. It has always appealed to me to understand the basis of aggressive behaviour as I have seen this behaviour amongst most children, teenagers as well as adults. It is my curiosity and eagerness to discover more about the development of aggression from two opposing views being the biological and learning which has motivated me to undertake th is research topic for my extended essay. To begin with, the biological perspective is based on the assumption that behaviour is biologically determined. All psychological issues stem from a physiological background. Therefore, aggression in children based on the biological perspective is considered to be an innate behaviour. Biological factors which trigger aggressive behaviour in children are inheritance, as well as the neurotransmitter serotonin and certain structures in the brain which trigger aggressive behaviour. Many theories and case studies have been put forward to support the hypothesis that aggression in children is biologically determined which will be discussed in further detail. (Weiten, W. 2007).